Talagrand also developed mathematical tools and equations for systems that, while random, display some predictability in their randomness, a statistical principle called concentration of measures. His equations, known as Talagrand inequalities, can be used for many systems that show a concentration of measures, says Assaf Naor at Princeton University, such as famous algorithmic puzzles like the travelling salesman problem. “In addition to just being a great discoverer himself, he is influential. He provided the world with an amazing collection of insights and tools,” says Naor.