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And these are not even close to "Layer 2"...
Okay Darth, I'll bite. Why are these, not even Lightning, "not even close" to layer 2?
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You can't consider Lightning as another layer to Bitcoin. LN is just "non-broadcast" transactions (see what does it work HTLC). LN is literally bitcoin onchain, but not (yet) announced. Only the opening and closing tx are broadcast (announced). LN is a payment network, not a "layer".
All that other garbage are just affinity scams, not L2.
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Okay I guess I understand. Lighting "scales payments but not ownership", right? LN has the benefit of unilateral exit, but of course this only applies to UTXO owners, who themselves may be the "benevolent custodians".
So Darth, do you think there is even theoretically a Layer 2 for bitcoin? Is it possible at all? What would the mechanism be? Does it require some yet-undiscovered cryptography algo?
What do you make of Mercury, which "lifts" private keys rather than dealing with UTXOs? It also allows unilateral exit, so there is no risk of loss of coins, only of censorship (denial of use of the L2 itself). They have a centralized server, but what would you think if they decentralized that?
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