The number of years and life expectancy isn't the biggest problem imo, that's an excuse to not pay what you should receive, the problem is birth rates, the current work force is smaller than the previous one that is going into retirement, birth rates are lower bc of costs of living (inflation), less workforce, less funds, solutions: direct penalty in the value or in time? Time is the easiest. People are talking about UBI for people that are in active age and for retirees we are cutting entry age, makes no sense. Just print it, and remove that tax from the working force,that's why many countries accept immigration, to increase work force number. We must keep in mind that these systems worked while the fiat system worked and was expanding, now it's breaking and there is bills to pay, so all these systems are breaking, the underlying problem is the same, and all the solutions so far is taking your money to pay these bills. Would be better for govs to just come clean, print it.