Putting down domestic strife is what comes to mind with those particular countries. Also, I think we just saw why Russia built up their military.
Arms races can make game theoretic sense, but they aren't the prosperity maximizing solution, so it sucks to see things going this direction.
In my opinion they build their armies to be able to launch attacks, such as Russia on Ukraine... I know, no rocket science, but that's what they intend to do.
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I think North Korea is a different situation, but China certainly might have some expansion in mind.
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