He's just plain wrong. A sat can have infinite value but you can't create more and thus you can't inflate the money supply. You can't just give yourself more sats to buy more things the way central banks can with fiat. The value of a sat will be determined by demand for sats, and not by a money printer.
So can I say that in a thermodynamically sound system like bitcoin, all value must accrue to every last satoshi?
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Absolutely. What does he think is happening when Bitcoin goes up in USD terms? You're squeezing more and more value into a scarce denomination. i.e. the value of ONE BITCOIN will be forever increasing and can buy increasingly more "things"
Claiming that increasing the divisibility will inflate the currency would be like saying that if I have a gold bar (of which we know has a certain volume/density/USD value) and cut it in half, then I now have two gold bars of that same volume/density/value.
Imagine that USD value is the equivalent of density and it will make more sense.