i still think this isn’t necessarily the correct way to think about it when it comes to the political spectrum. taxation isn’t necessarily a socialist praxis. even small state conservatives generally say that without taxes „who will build the roads?“. and when politicians talk about deregulation and tax cuts, its generally for their donation buddies, not the lower or middle class.

not to shill socialism, just context: early 70’s irc, allende in chile established the socialist policy that lower income households dont have to pay taxes at all. the opposite from taxing the rich. libertarian communists after the spanish revolution rejecected state money and made their own money (before it was cool). while nothing is perfect, those were real lived experiences under socialism which are more aligned with „taxes are theft“ than anything we see in contemporary politics. i guess i disagree with the popular idea that bitcoin is somehow anti-socialist. rothbard warned people not to falsely paint everything red with a brush after all, so i try to be open minded.

In future everything will be on lightning except for nation state level settlements

The miners do not guard passive holders because 51% attackers can't take their Bitcoin anyway. The miners guard recipients of recent transactions from reversals. Therefore it's proper that only active users pay the miners. Enough with monerist bullshit already.

Here's my take on it.

Income tax is more like slavery than theft. It's essentially the government coming and saying "You will no longer write code 100% of the time. You will only do so 65% of the time. For the balance, we'd like you to dig ditches."

I would argue that taxes on real assets (i.e. land) are morally justified. The moral justification for private land ownership is largely based on John Locke's Second Treatise of Government where he lays out the conditions for how a resource in its natural state becomes privately owned. The caveat is that the right to appropriate land cannot be exclusive of anyone else's right to do so. Meaning you can't put all of the land on earth to productive use and claim ownership of it. On the other hand you don't want some rando coming to your land and saying "I have nowhere to build my home so I am taking a piece of yours," even though on a moral level if all land is privately owned he would have the right to do so. We do want property in the hands of those who will make the most productive use, so I'd suggest that a tax on said property would be a moral way of ensuring fairness in a society.