Today, to teach bitcoin as a university course would at best be in a graduate level topic in cryptography. Cryptography is a very specific application of computer science and mathematics.

The majority of what happens in school, beginning in 1st grade, is to bring future-adults up-to-speed on how to participate in the culture of society. This is why history and literature is a crucial component in developing a mind, so that is capable of navigating the world and to recognize conceptual references (such as the phrase "down the rabbit hole") To teach sciences in a university setting requires that a person is guided through the proper mosaic of learning so they will have a strong foundation from which they are able to grow and accumulate more specialized knowledge after they are released to the world.

Bitcoin as a cornerstone upon which an education could be founded is to put the cart before the horse. Asymmetric cryptography and secure hashes is in a branch of mathematics that is growing in popularity, but have taken decades to take hold. These topics at present would culminate the pinnacle of an undergrad's education and shouldn't encompass the core of it.

We see Bitcoin and blockchain as a fundamental concept upon which the future will be built, but this conclusion is very recent in the zeitgeist, only a few years. Much literature that exists about blockchain today is entrepreneurial and hypothetical at best, and this civilization changing technology will take some time to settle into a body of knowledge that can be systematically taught to the next generation.