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Android is pretty liberal with backgrounding relative to iOS. It's iOS that needs notifications to do anything meaningful in the background.
I suspect Android lets these sockets stay open as long as they're for something specific - in this case it looks like WebRTC might be allowed so they "munge" the cookie in:
The Meta Pixel script sends the _fbp cookie to the native Instagram or Facebook app via WebRTC (STUN) SDP Munging.