This is a report done by Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation which is some EU regulatory agency.
From the highlights:
-Bitcoin is becoming significantly greener. The share of renewable energy in its energy mix grown from 20% in 2011 to 41% in 2024.
- Conversely, coal usage has fallen from 63% in 2011 to 20% in 2024. -By 2030, the Bitcoin network is projected to be at least 70% powered by sustainable energy sources.
- Carbon emissions may still increase in absolute terms for a few more years if bitcoin goes through very bullish price scenarios before stabilising and finally falling.