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#1: What's difference between Standard & Non-Standard Scripts

what specific part should I expand on? Relaying non-standard txs or smth else

This is our first post

If ppl find this series of posts valuable, we’ll continue sharing more content here

  
 
 

## Decoding #1: Standard VS non-Standard Scripts

- *We're starting a series of posts to teach you about Bitcoin development. We'll be sharing them here. Tell us how we can make it better!*
- *If you prefer reading on the website, check 👉 https://bitcoindevs.xyz/decoding/standard-nonstandard*


## 1- Standard Script

Standard scripts are predefined and widely accepted transaction scripts in Bitcoin.

- **Key Features**:
  - Predefined templates (e.g., P2PKH, P2SH).
  - Well-tested and quickly verified by nodes.
  - Widely relayed and accepted on the network.  


Below is a timeline of different output script types before and after SegWit.  

![](https://m.stacker.news/63717)

### NOTE: Relay Policy

Bitcoin Core will only relay transactions by default that pass the [`IsStandardTx()`](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/de1d1895346ed27f471386011d7ff64508f8b39c/src/policy/policy.cpp#L94) check. However, miners are still free to include (valid!) non-standard transactions in their blocks.

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## 2- Non-Standard Scripts

- Non-standard scripts deviate from commonly used templates for transaction.

- Standard scripts, such as P2PKH and P2SH, are widely recognized and accepted by nodes. Any script that deviates from these templates is considered non-standard and will not be relayed by the network.

- They are valid but are not relayed by most nodes for safety reasons.

*Remember this pls => Non-standard scripts are still *VALID**

![](https://m.stacker.news/63719)

### Question: What if I want my Non-Standard Transaction Relayed and Mined?

 find the answer here 👉 https://bitcoindevs.xyz/decoding/standard-nonstandard


@78631371f1's bio


# MuSig: Three-Round Multiparty Schnorr Signature

![](https://m.stacker.news/63630)

By the end of this article, you will learn how Alice, Bob, and Carol can collaboratively sign a transaction using MuSig.

We’ll guide you through the process step by step, combining theory with practical code examples. Your ultimate goal will be to write 

By the end, you’ll be able to write the code for generating this signature

## 1. Theory

To make this article simple to follow, we will answer three important questions that will help you understand the concept: **What? Why? How?**

### What is MuSig?

MuSig is simply a protocol for aggregating public keys and signatures.

![](https://m.stacker.news/63624)


### Why do we need MuSig?

The reasons we use MuSig are:

-   **Transaction Size/Fees:** MuSig makes multi-sig look like single-sig. This means you pay the same fees whether one person or ten people sign.

-   **Privacy:** Nobody can tell if a transaction used multiple signers or just one. Your multi-sig setup stays private, as it looks identical to a regular transaction.

![](https://m.stacker.news/63626)

### How does MuSig work?

Now we need your focus here, please. Grab a coffee, and let's dive in.

Alice, Bob, and Carol want to create an aggregated signature such as:

**s_agg = s_a + s_b + s_c**

To create this signature, we need to go through three main steps:

1. Aggregating public keys.
2. Aggregating nonces.
3. Aggregating the signature.

Some of these steps require rounds of communication between participants:

-   Aggregating public keys does **not** require communication.
-   Aggregating nonces and signatures requires **three rounds of communication** (MuSig2 optimizes this to **two rounds**).

![](https://m.stacker.news/63627)



---

## Step 1: Public Key Aggregation (Offline Process)

A naive way to do public key aggregation is by summing up each participant's public key:

**P_agg = P_a + P_b + P_c**

However, this approach is vulnerable to a **key cancellation attack.**

Continue reading on https://bitcoindevs.xyz/decoding/musig

🔑 MuSig | Write Your First Signature Step-by-Step

Bitcoin Dev Project is the go-to resource for developers to get inspired by and learn bitcoin and related technologies to kickstart and grow their career in Free and Open Source Software.

bitcoin + FOSS = ₿OSS
https://bitcoindevs.xyz